Yii的自带组件有一个很实用的日志记录组件,使用方法可以参考Yii官方文档:http://www.yiiframework.com/doc/guide/1.1/zh_cn/topics.logging,在文档中提到,只要我们在应用程序配置文件中配置了log组件,那么就可以使用
- Yii::log($msg, $level, $category);
进行日志记录了。 配置项示例如下:
- array(
- ......
- 'preload'=>array('log'),
- 'components'=>array(
- ......
- 'log'=>array(
- 'class'=>'CLogRouter',
- 'routes'=>array(
- array(
- 'class'=>'CFileLogRoute',
- 'levels'=>'trace, info',
- 'categories'=>'system.*',
- ),
- array(
- 'class'=>'CEmailLogRoute',
- 'levels'=>'error, warning',
- 'emails'=>'admin@example.com',
- ),
- ),
- ),
- ),
- )
log组件的核心是CLogRouter,如果想使用多种方式记录日志,就必须配置routes,可用的route有: • CDbLogRoute: 将信息保存到数据库的表中。 • CEmailLogRoute: 发送信息到指定的 Email 地址。 • CFileLogRoute: 保存信息到应用程序 runtime 目录中的一个文件中。 • CWebLogRoute: 将 信息 显示在当前页面的底部。 • CProfileLogRoute: 在页面的底部显示概述(profiling)信息。 下面分析一下log的实现: 首先看一下CLogRouter的代码:
- /**
- * Initializes this application component.
- * This method is required by the IApplicationComponent interface.
- */
- public function init()
- {
- parent::init();
- foreach($this->_routes as $name=>$route)
- {
- //初始化从配置文件读取的route,保存在成员变量里
- $route=Yii::createComponent($route);
- $route->init();
- $this->_routes[$name]=$route;
- }
- //绑定事件,如果触发了一个onFlush事件,则调用CLogRouter的collectLogs方法
- Yii::getLogger()->attachEventHandler('onFlush',array($this,'collectLogs'));
- //绑定事件,如果触发了一个onEndRequest事件,则调用ClogRouter的processLogs方法
- Yii::app()->attachEventHandler('onEndRequest',array($this,'processLogs'));
- }
- /**
- * Collects log messages from a logger.
- * This method is an event handler to the {@link CLogger::onFlush} event.
- * @param CEvent $event event parameter
- */
- public function collectLogs($event)
- {
- $logger=Yii::getLogger();
- //调用每个route的collectLogs方法
- foreach($this->_routes as $route)
- {
- if($route->enabled)
- $route->collectLogs($logger,false);
- }
- }
接着,我们看一下在调用Yii::log();时,发生了什么:
- /**
- * Logs a message.
- * Messages logged by this method may be retrieved via {@link CLogger::getLogs}
- * and may be recorded in different media, such as file, email, database, using
- * {@link CLogRouter}.
- * @param string $msg message to be logged
- * @param string $level level of the message (e.g. 'trace', 'warning', 'error'). It is case-insensitive.
- * @param string $category category of the message (e.g. 'system.web'). It is case-insensitive.
- */
- public static function log($msg,$level=CLogger::LEVEL_INFO,$category='application')
- {
- if(self::$_logger===null)
- self::$_logger=new CLogger;
- if(YII_DEBUG && YII_TRACE_LEVEL>0 && $level!==CLogger::LEVEL_PROFILE)
- {
- $traces=debug_backtrace();
- $count=0;
- foreach($traces as $trace)
- {
- if(isset($trace['file'],$trace['line']) && strpos($trace['file'],YII_PATH)!==0)
- {
- $msg.="nin ".$trace['file'].' ('.$trace['line'].')';
- if(++$count>=YII_TRACE_LEVEL)
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- 调用CLogger的log方法
- self::$_logger->log($msg,$level,$category);
- }
继续看CLogger:
- class CLogger extends CComponent
- {
- const LEVEL_TRACE='trace';
- const LEVEL_WARNING='warning';
- const LEVEL_ERROR='error';
- const LEVEL_INFO='info';
- const LEVEL_PROFILE='profile';
- /**
- * @var integer how many messages should be logged before they are flushed to destinations.
- * Defaults to 10,000, meaning for every 10,000 messages, the {@link flush} method will be
- * automatically invoked once. If this is 0, it means messages will never be flushed automatically.
- * @since 1.1.0
- */
- public $autoFlush=10000;
- ……
- /**
- * Logs a message.
- * Messages logged by this method may be retrieved back via {@link getLogs}.
- * @param string $message message to be logged
- * @param string $level level of the message (e.g. 'Trace', 'Warning', 'Error'). It is case-insensitive.
- * @param string $category category of the message (e.g. 'system.web'). It is case-insensitive.
- * @see getLogs
- */
- public function log($message,$level='info',$category='application')
- {
- //将日志信息保存在成员变量(数组)中
- $this->_logs[]=array($message,$level,$category,microtime(true));
- $this->_logCount++;
- //如果数组数量到了autoFlush定义的数量,那么调用flush方法
- if($this->autoFlush>0 && $this->_logCount>=$this->autoFlush)
- $this->flush();
- }
- /**
- * Removes all recorded messages from the memory.
- * This method will raise an {@link onFlush} event.
- * The attached event handlers can process the log messages before they are removed.
- * @since 1.1.0
- */
- public function flush()
- {
- //触发onflush方法,这时会触发CLogRouter的onflush事件
- //参见上面CLogRouter的代码,会调用collectLogs方法
- $this->onFlush(new CEvent($this));
- //清空日志数据
- $this->_logs=array();
- $this->_logCount=0;
- }
回到CLogRouter,调用collectLogs实际是调用配置中的每一个Route的collectlogs方法 ,这个方法是所有route继承自CLogRoute(注意,不是CLogRouter)的:
- /**
- * Retrieves filtered log messages from logger for further processing.
- * @param CLogger $logger logger instance
- * @param boolean $processLogs whether to process the logs after they are collected from the logger
- */
- public function collectLogs($logger, $processLogs=false)
- {
- //获取日志记录
- $logs=$logger->getLogs($this->levels,$this->categories);
- $this->logs=emptyempty($this->logs) ? $logs : array_merge($this->logs,$logs);
- if($processLogs && !emptyempty($this->logs))
- {
- if($this->filter!==null)
- Yii::createComponent($this->filter)->filter($this->logs);
- //调用processlog方法
- $this->processLogs($this->logs);
- }
- }
- /**
- * Processes log messages and sends them to specific destination.
- * Derived child classes must implement this method.
- * @param array $logs list of messages. Each array elements represents one message
- * with the following structure:
- * array(
- * [0] => message (string)
- * [1] => level (string)
- * [2] => category (string)
- * [3] => timestamp (float, obtained by microtime(true));
- */
- //processlog是由CLogRoute的各个route子类实现的
- //例如数据库route用数据库存储,文件route用文件存储……
- abstract protected function processLogs($logs);
至此,整个记录日志的过程就清楚了,下图是类关系:
